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7.47. Fluid Mechanics II (Mandatory)

7.47.1. Justification ↑ Back to top

Fluid Mechanics II deepens the hydraulic analysis and design initiated in Fluid Mechanics I, covering three major blocks: pressurized pipe flow and pumping systems (including networks, transients, and modeling with specialized software), open channel flow (uniform flow, specific energy, rapidly and gradually varied flow, and modeling with HEC-RAS), and the design of hydraulic control structures (weirs, gates, inverted siphons, and culverts). The course combines classical analytical development with the use of hydraulic modeling tools (WaterCAD, HEC-RAS) employed in professional practice.

7.47.2. Generales Goals ↑ Back to top

1. Analyze and design pressurized piping systems, including networks, pumps, and transient phenomena such as water hammer.
2. Apply hydraulic modeling tools (WaterCAD, HEC-RAS) for the analysis of pipe networks and open channel flow.
3. Analyze uniform and varied flow in open channels and design efficient and stable channel sections.
4. Design hydraulic control structures such as weirs, gates, inverted siphons, and culverts.

7.47.3. Contribution to Outcomes ↑ Back to top

ABET-1) An ability to identify, formulate, and solve complex engineering problems by applying principles of engineering, science, and mathematics. (Usage)

ABET-6) An ability to develop and conduct appropriate experimentation, analyze and interpret data, and use engineering judgment to draw conclusions. (Usage)

ABET-2) An ability to apply engineering design to produce solutions that meet specified needs with consideration of public health, safety, and welfare, as well as global, cultural, social, environmental, and economic factors. (Usage)

7.47.4. Content ↑ Back to top

7.47.4.1. Pressurized Pipe Flow and Pump Systems (42 hours) [Skills ABET-1,ABET-6] ↑ Back to top

Bibliography: (White, 2016; Ávila, 2002)

Topics

1. Pipe flow fundamentals and Darcy-Weisbach equation
2. Minor losses and pipe system analysis
3. Pipe network analysis methods
4. Pump characteristics and system curves
5. Pump selection and installation requirements
6. Water hammer and surge analysis
7. Pipeline design and material selection
8. Variable speed pumps and energy efficiency
9. Network modeling and optimization
10. Valve selection and hydraulic control systems

Learning Outcomes

1. Calculate head losses in pipe systems using friction equations [Assessment]
2. Determine total head loss including minor losses in complex piping [Usage]
3. Analyze pipe networks using Hardy Cross or equivalent methods [Assessment]
4. Construct pump characteristic curves and system head curves [Usage]
5. Select appropriate pumps based on operating point and efficiency [Assessment]
6. Evaluate water hammer effects and design surge protection [Usage]
7. Design pipelines considering hydraulic, structural, and economic factors [Assessment]
8. Apply variable speed drives for pump system optimization [Usage]
9. Optimize water distribution networks using modeling software [Assessment]
10. Specify valves and control systems for pipeline operations [Usage]

7.47.4.2. Open Channel Flow and River Mechanics (30 hours) [Skills ABET-1,ABET-6] ↑ Back to top

Bibliography: (Chow, 1959)

Topics

1. Channel flow classification and hydraulic elements
2. Energy and momentum principles in open channels
3. Uniform flow and Manning's equation
4. Critical flow and specific energy concepts
5. Gradually varied flow profiles
6. Hydraulic jump and rapidly varied flow
7. Channel design for stable conveyance
8. Sediment transport in open channels
9. River morphology and channel stability
10. Scour analysis and protection measures

Learning Outcomes

1. Classify open channel flow regimes and calculate hydraulic elements [Familiarity]
2. Apply energy and momentum equations to solve channel flow problems [Assessment]
3. Calculate normal depth and discharge using Manning's equation [Usage]
4. Determine critical depth and analyze specific energy relationships [Assessment]
5. Compute gradually varied flow profiles using standard methods [Usage]
6. Analyze hydraulic jumps and calculate energy dissipation [Assessment]
7. Design stable channels with appropriate cross-sections and linings [Usage]
8. Estimate sediment transport rates in alluvial channels [Assessment]
9. Evaluate river channel stability and bank erosion potential [Familiarity]
10. Predict scour depths at hydraulic structures and design protection [Assessment]

7.47.4.3. Design of Hydraulic Structures (12 hours) [Skills ABET-2] ↑ Back to top

Bibliography: (Novak et al., 2007)

Topics

1. Dam types and selection criteria
2. Spillway hydraulics and design
3. Weir and gate flow equations
4. Energy dissipation and stilling basin design
5. Culvert hydraulics and design
6. Dam safety analysis and risk assessment
7. Outlet works and control structures
8. Fish passage facilities and environmental hydraulics
9. Cavitation analysis and prevention
10. Physical hydraulic modeling and scale effects

Learning Outcomes

1. Classify dam types and select appropriate configurations for site conditions [Familiarity]
2. Design spillways for flood discharge capacity [Assessment]
3. Calculate discharge over weirs and through gates [Usage]
4. Proportion energy dissipation structures and stilling basins [Assessment]
5. Analyze culvert hydraulics for inlet and outlet control [Usage]
6. Perform dam safety evaluations and hazard classification [Assessment]
7. Design outlet works including intake structures and conduits [Usage]
8. Incorporate fish passage requirements in hydraulic structure design [Assessment]
9. Evaluate cavitation potential and design preventive measures [Usage]
10. Interpret physical model results and apply scale corrections [Assessment]

7.47.5. Bibliography ↑ Back to top

White, F. M. (2016). Fluid Mechanics. McGraw-Hill, 8th edition.

Ávila, G. S. (2002). Hidráulica General, Tomo I: Fundamentos. Limusa, 2da edition.thebibliography

Chow, V. T. (1959). Open-Channel Hydraulics. McGraw-Hill.

Novak, P., Moffat, A. I. B., Nalluri, C., and Narayanan, R. (2007). Hydraulic Structures. Taylor & Francis, 4th edition.